Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA)

The Equal Credit Opportunity Act (“ECOA”) is a federal civil rights law enacted in 1974 that prohibits discrimination in any aspect of a credit transaction. Implemented through Regulation B, ECOA applies to creditors involved in consumer and commercial lending,...

Non-Qualified Mortgage (Non-QM)

A “Non-Qualified Mortgage” (“Non-QM”) is a mortgage loan that does not meet the specific underwriting or product standards established for Qualified Mortgages (“QM”) under federal law and Regulation Z. Non-QM loans are not necessarily unsafe or predatory; rather, they...

Qualified Mortgage (QM)

A “Qualified Mortgage” (“QM”) is a category of mortgage loan defined under federal law and Regulation Z that is intended to ensure borrowers receive loans they have a reasonable ability to repay. Established under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer...

Mortgage Disclosure Improvement Act (MDIA)

The Mortgage Disclosure Improvement Act (“MDIA”) is a federal law enacted in 2008 as an amendment to the Truth in Lending Act (“TILA”) to strengthen consumer protections and improve the timing and accuracy of mortgage disclosures. MDIA was designed to ensure that...

HOEPA

The Home Ownership and Equity Protection Act (“HOEPA”) is a federal consumer protection law enacted in 1994 as an amendment to the Truth in Lending Act (“TILA”) to address abusive lending practices associated with certain high-cost mortgage loans. HOEPA establishes...